The Visa Waiver Program (VWP) allows citizens of certain countries to enter the United States for tourism or business for up to 90 days without obtaining a visa. This program aims to facilitate travel and improve diplomatic and economic relations.

The VWP simplifies travel for eligible visitors while maintaining security and immigration control.

Eligibility Criteria:

1. Citizenship: Only citizens of participating countries are eligible for the VWP.
2. Passport: Travelers must have a valid, machine-readable passport.
3. Purpose of Visit: The visit must be for tourism, business, or transit.
4. Duration: Stays are limited to 90 days or less.

Application Process:

1. Electronic System for Travel Authorization (ESTA): Travelers must obtain an ESTA authorization before traveling, which involves submitting personal information and travel details online.
2. Approval: Once approved, the ESTA authorization is valid for two years or until the passport expires, whichever comes first.

Rights and Responsibilities:

1. Compliance with Terms: Travelers must comply with the terms of the VWP and leave the U.S. before the 90-day period ends.
2. No Extensions: Extensions of stay are not permitted under the VWP.
3. Security Screening: Travelers are subject to security screening and may be denied entry if deemed a security risk.

Benefits and Challenges:

1. Facilitates Travel: Simplifies travel for eligible visitors, promoting tourism and business.
2. Economic Impact: Boosts economic activity through increased travel and spending.
3. Security Concerns: Requires robust security measures to prevent abuse and ensure national security.

Etymology:

The term “visa” is derived from the Latin “charta visa,” meaning “paper that has been seen.” “Waiver” comes from the Old French “waiver,” meaning “to relinquish” or “abandon.”